Volume 48, No 2, 2026, Pages 211-221
Download full text in PDFFinite Element Analysis on Abrasive Wear Behavior of SKD 11 Tool Steel with Ti and Cr Based Hard Coatings: Material Selections
Authors:
Riki Hendra Purba 
,
Deva Ihsan Khoirunas ,
Kenta Kusumoto
DOI: 10.24874/ti.2048.10.25.12
Received: 18 October 2025
Revised: 19 November 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
Published: 15 June 2026
Abstract:
Abrasive wear remains a critical challenge in tooling and manufacturing processes, as it leads to accelerated material loss, reduced component life, and increased operational costs. This complex phenomenon is governed by dynamic contact conditions, plastic deformation, fracture, and the properties of both the material and interacting abrasive particles. This study uses finite element analysis (FEA) to investigate abrasive wear behavior of JIS SKD11 tool steel coated with Ti- and Cr-based hard coatings, including TiN, TiAlN, CrN, and AlCrN. A single-asperity scratch model was developed to simulate the ploughing wear mechanism, incorporating strain-rate sensitivity via a modified Johnson-Cook model. The simulation results, validated against experimental data, showed good agreement in surface profiles. Wear performance was assessed using degree of wear (ß) and degree of penetration (Dp). TiN exhibited the lowest penetration and highest plastic deformation, indicating strong wear resistance. CrN offered the best substrate protection, while AlCrN showed the highest material loss due to brittle failure. Overall, the findings highlight the critical role of coating selection in improving abrasive durability and demonstrate the potential of advanced FEA-based approaches for optimizing protective coatings in tool steel applications.
Keywords:
Abrasive wear, Coating, SKD11, TiN, TiAlN, AlCrN, CrN
